The Harris County District Clerk's Office is probably best known by the general public for its jurisdiction over the summoning of prospective jurors for 74 courts. Juries are drawn from a jury wheel, which consists of names of registered voters and/or holders of a Texas driver's license or identification card.

The Harris County District Clerk's Office has other far-ranging duties and plays a key role in the day-to-day operation of county government. In one of its more monumental tasks, the District Clerk's Office is responsible for custodial care and safekeeping of all court records for 59 District Courts and 15 County Criminal Courts located in Harris County. In conjunction with its court duties, the office also accounts for all monies paid as deposits on civil cases awaiting disposition and all funds awarded minors in court action that are paid into the court registry.

In addition, the Harris County District Clerk has the important responsibility of providing customer service to all child support cases heard in Harris County.